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Paediatric Pulmonology and Allergology
2006 April, Vol. IX, No. 1 (3173-3186)
BURKHOLDERIA CEPACIA INFECTION AND IT’S IMPACT ON THE PATIENTS WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS
Ieva Laimute Indrejaityte, Nomeda Jokubaitiene, Natalija Sestel, Arunas Valiulis
Vilnius University Children’s Hospital, Vilnius, Lithuania
Burkholderia cepacia is saprophytic phytopathogen, which is found in a humid medium (soil, various liquids, around the plants roots) in 1949 the american N. H. Burkholder described it as the pathogen giving rise to the rotting proceses within onions and garlic. In 1970 it was for the first time identified in the organisms of patients suffering with cystic fibrosis. It is very seldom that B. cepacia causes the infection in healthy human beings, however, it is very dangerous not only to CF patients but also to the individuals with imuno-deficiency. It is known to adapt very well to the environment and becomes antibiotic resistant. It also spreads easily within the community of patients with CF. B. cepacia is particulary invasive with respect to respirative cells, therefore it can cause serious lung damage, which in turn can influence the prognosis of patients with CF. At present, 26 types of B. cepacia are, but 9 types are most pathogenic to human beings (genomovares). The prevalence of B. cepacia in various countries ranges from 3,2–10 percent and more. This depends on stringent sanatory – hygenic rules, early diagnostic and B. cepacia genomovar. The most prevailing types: B. multivorans, B. cenocepacia and others. However, most authors state that B. cenocepacia happens to be the most dangerous one, B. multivorans being slightly less dangerous. Due to an increased migration of persons trans and intercontinental spread of the said bacteria is possible in any media. Therefore, it is of vital importance to know more about this infection and apply the most stringent possible measures to curb the spread of this infection. The authors present the latest data found in the relevant literature on the prevalence of. B. cepacia particularities of diagnostics, clinical forms of expression, treatment, as well as preventive measures.